Although vaccines were discovered over 200 years ago, our understanding of the immune correlates of protection is still incomplete. Even now, a majority of vaccines are designed on hit-or-miss principles, with the achievement of efficacy being largely a matter of chance. The major focus of our research is to better understand vaccine-mediated immunity and apply findings to improving vaccines. We also work in the related area of diagnostic test development.  Our research is conducted in the context of the porcine respiratory disease complex, a multi-factorial disease of swine with four central players namely; porcine circovirus strain 2, swine influenza viruses, porcine reproductive and respiratory disease syndrome virus and torque teno viruses.