Family Coleophoridae: Casebearers
| Diagnosis: Proboscis scale covered at base; wings
usually lanceolate, fw with CuA usually stalked as CuA1+2
directed toward inner margin at origin from discal cell;
abdominal tergites with spiniform setae normally in two medial patches,
sometimes as a single band.
Diversity: Worldwide four subfamilies, 43 genera, and at least 1,418 species; North America has three subfamilies, 19 genera and at least 300 species; as yet only eight species have been identified from North Dakota. Checklist numbers: 1145- 1398, 1423- 1459. Biology: Extremely diverse ecologies; leaf miners and case bearers, seed borers, or detritivores and scavengers.
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| Further reading:
Adamski, David and Richard L. Brown. 1989. Morphology and systematics of North American Blastobasidae (Lepidoptera: Gelechioidea). Miss. Expt. Stat. Tech. Bull. 165: 70 pp. Heinrich, Carl. Family 15 Coleophoridae, pp. 202- 217 in Forbes, William T. M. 1923. Lepidoptera of New York and neighboring states. Part I. Primitive forms, Microlepidoptera, Pyraloids, Bombyces. Cornell Agric. Exp. Sta. Mem. 68: 729 pp. Hodges, Ronald W., Chapter 9. The Gelechioidea, pp. 132- 158 in Kristensen, Neils P. ed. 1999. Lepidoptera, moths and butterflies. Part 35, Vol. 1 in Handbook of Zoology. Maximilian Fischer ed. Walter de Gryter, New York. 491 pp. Hoebeke, E. Richard, Alfred G. Wheeler, and Ralph E. Degregorio. 1993. Coleophora colutella (Lepidoptera: Coleophoridae): a Palearctic pest of Crownvetch, Coronilla varia (Fabaceae), New to North America. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Amer. 86(2): 134- 141. Landry, Jean-Francois and Barry Wright. 1993. Systematics of the Nearctic species of metallic green Coleophora (Lepidoptera: Coleophoridae). Can. Entomol. 125: 549-618.
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