Deontological, "duty-based."

• Based on universal principles.
• Must not use bad means even to achieve good ends.

Advantages:

• Rules with few exceptions make decisions easier.
• Reputation for honesty and predictability.

Disadvantages:

• Conflicts with other principles.
• Consequences may be unacceptable.

Teleological, "consequence-based."

• Don't consider acts, consider results.
• "Greatest good for greatest number."
• Minimize harm.

Advantages:

• More flexible.
• Considers possible bad consequences.
• Appeals to largest group.

Disadvantages:

• Hard to predict consequences.
• May condone unethical means to an end.
• Tyranny of majority ignores needs of minority.

Virtue-based

• Emphasizes quality of character.
• Golden mean.
• "Do under others."

Advantages:

• Considers both sides, compromise, useful for political decisions and negotiations.
• Emphasizes use of conscience.

Disadvantages:

• Sometimes there is no middle ground.
• Conscience, quality of character hard to cultivate.
• Harder to justify to detractors.