Eurydema Laporte

1 Dorsal surface of abdomen red, usually with the first two visible tergites (II, III) black, and the last tergite with a median black spot, which often continues forward, but at a minimum, tergite IV is red (exception: in ♀ specimens of blanda, the dorsum is black with tergites IV-V more or less invaded by a yellowish or pale reddish color, in this last case, the medio-lateral sections of the tergites bear a more or less distinct yellowish or reddish spot on each side)	2
- Dorsal surface of abdomen entirely black or purplish black	14

2(1) Corium bicolored	3
- Corium entirely dark blue (southern France and Spain)	cyanea (Fieber)

3(2) Exocorium uniformly red, yellowish red, or whitish red	4
- Exocorium bicolored	5

4(3) Pronotum red with six more or less rectangular black spots, or with two cuneiform black spots (Euro-Siberian)	dominulus (Scopoli)
- Pronotum with two compact black spots, almost trapezoidal, or several spots when taken together form two trapezoidal spots (temperate and southern Europe, to Middle Asia)	fieberi Fieber (part)

5(3) Exocorium usually with one median black spot	6
- Exocorium anteriorly yellow or red, posteriorly black or blue; or broadly black or blackish blue in middle, yellow or red anteriorly and (or) behind (often with the distal angle black; or exocorium yellow or red with its posterior, medial margin black or blackish blue	9

6(5) Ventral surface of abdomen with two median rows of black spots (southern European Russia and Middle Asia)	maracandica Oshanin
- Ventral surface of abdomen lacking median rows of black spots	7

7(6) Second antennal segment usually less than 1.3 times the length of segment III; dorsal surface of abdomen mostly red in both males and females	8
- Second antennal segment about 1.5 times the length of segment III; dorsal surface of abdomen mostly red in male specimens, and mostly black in female specimens (Turkey)	blanda Horváth

8(7) Each paratergite anteriorly with a black subquadrangular spot, at most attaining the mediotergite (Balkans to Turkey)	spectabilis Horváth
- Each paratergite anteriorly with a wide black patch reaching from outer margin of paratergite to mediotergite (Euro-mediterranean to India)	ventralis Kolenati

9(5) Connexivum entirely red, reddish yellow, or whitish yellow	10
- Connexivum bicolored	11

10(9) Pronotum and scutellum densely and coarsely punctate; surface behind black spots strongly wrinkled and chapped; middle of mesocorium without pale pattern near cubital vein (Northeast and East Mediterranean, Ethiopian)	rugulosa (Dohrn)
- Pronotum and scutellum deeply, but sparsely punctate	mrugowskyi Stichel
- Pronotum and scutellum finely and sparsely punctate; surface betwen black spots smooth; mesocorium with a triangular pale marking near middle of its length, near the cubital vein	fieberi Fieber (part)

11(9) Posterior, posterolateral, and anterior margins of pronotum entirely red or yellowish red, not interrupted by black spots or borders	12
- Posterior and posterolateral pronotal margins at least partly black or blackish blue, sometimes with short pale color along margin; anterior margin pale colored with, on each side, one often very short black or blackish blue interruption	13

12(11) Posterior and lateral margins of pronotum broadly pale colored; anterior pronotal margin pale colored	fieberi Fieber (part)
- Posterior and lateral margins of pronotum narrowly pale colored; anterior pronotal margin red; with a narrow, longitudinal median red stripe, broadening slightly posteriorly	rotundicollis (Dohrn)

13(11) Dorsal dark areas black, with at most, a very slight greenish shimmer if angle of light is right; mesocorium black, with a triangular pale macule on the cubital vein, and a pale stripe posteriorly (Turkey)	caligata Horváth
- Dorsal dark areas shining blackish blue or blackish green; mesocorium black with only one pale stripe distally, or the entire distal part of the corium pale; no pale pattern near middle of cubital vein (Turkey, Caucasus, Near East)	putoni (Jakovlev)

14(1) Ventral surface of abdomen white, yellow, or red, with two medial, longitudinal rows of black spots (Euro-Siberian, southern Russia)	gebleri Kolenati
- Ventral surface of abdomen white, yellow, or red, and often with black patterns, but never with two longitudinal rows of black spots; sometimes abdominal venter entirely black	15

15(14) Pronotum with six more or less rectangular black spots, or their remains (after pale intrusions), or with two large black spots, each with linear pale intrusion from posterolateral margin	16
- Dark pattern on pronotum more compact, with borders smooth, not lobate, or sharply intruded upon

16(15)

David A. Rider
Associate Professor of Entomology
North Dakota State University
202 Hultz Hall
Fargo, ND 58105
E-Mail: David.Rider@ndsu.nodak.edu