Ryan McGrath
Associate Professor

Areas of Study & Research
Frailty and Aging, Physical Activity and Health for Persons with Disabilities, Disability Prevention
Courses Taught
- Instructor: Research Methods and Design in Exercise Science (HNES 375).
- Instructor: Exercise and Disease (HNES 370).
- Instructor: Individual Study (HNES 494/793).
- Instructor: Graduate Teaching Experience (HNES 792).
- Instructor: Scholarly Writing and Presenting (HNES 777).
- Instructor: Assessment in Nutrition and Exercise Science (HNES 754).
- Instructor: Physical Activity Epidemiology (HNES 727).
- Instructor: Obesity Across the Lifespan (HNES 743).
Awards & Honors
- 2023 College of Human Sciences and Education Exceptional Contributions to Research Award: Winner.
- 2023 North Dakota State University Waldron Excellence in Research Award: Nominated.
- 2022 College of Human Sciences and Education James Lebedeff Endowed Professorship.
- 2021 College of Human Sciences and Education Exceptional Contributions to Research Award: Winner.
- 2020 College of Human Sciences and Education Emerging Researcher Award: Winner.
- 2020 College of Human Sciences and Education Hendrickson Award: Winner.
- 2019 College of Human Development and Education Emerging Researcher Award: Finalist.
- 2019 College of Human Development and Education Collaboration Award: Finalist.
Education
- Ph.D., University of Idaho
Publications
Fraser B, Blizzard L, Tomkinson G, McGrath R, Dwyer T, Venn A, Magnussen C. Tracking Handgrip Strength Asymmetry from Childhood to Mid-Life. Acta Paediatrica. 2023 (In Press). PMID: 37531128.
McGrath R, Jurivich D, Christensen B, Choi B-J, Langford M, Rhee Y, Tomkinson G, Hackney K. Examining the Role of Different Weakness Categories for Mobility and Future Falls in Older Americans. Aging Clinical and Experimental Research. 2023 (In Press). PMID: 37535311.
McGrath R, Tomkinson G, Juhl K, Knoll K, Parker K, Smith A, Rhee Y. The Role of Different Weakness Cut-Points for Future Cognitive Impairment in Older Americans. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association. 2023 (In Press).
McGrath R, Lang J, Clark B, Cawthon P, Black K, Kieser J, Fraser B, Tomkinson G. Prevalence and Trends of Handgrip Strength Asymmetry in the United States. Advances in Geriatric Medicine and Research. 2023;5(2):e230006. PMID: 37502008.
Pleiss A, Jurivich D, Dahl L, McGrath B, Kin D, McGrath R. The Associations of Pulse Pressure and Mean Arterial Pressure on Physical Function in Older Americans. Geriatrics. 2023;8(2):40. PMID: 37102966.
Knoll K, Rhee Y, Hamm J, Hammer K, Heimbuch H, Holloway J, Jurivich D, Lahr P, McGrath B, Parker K, Robinson-Lane S, Stover E, Tomkinson G, McGrath R. The Prevalence and Trends of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Impairments in the United States from 2008-2018. Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease Reports. 2023;7(1):271-278. PMID: 37220616.
McGrath R, FitzSimmons S, Andrew S, Black K, Bradley A, Christensen B, Collins K, Klawitter L, Kieser J, Langford M, Orr M, Hackney K. Prevalence and Trends of Weakness Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults in the United States. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 2023 (In Press).
Lillquist T, Mahoney S, Kotarsky C, McGrath R, Jarajapu Y, Scholten S, Hackney K. The Effect of Direct and Remote Post-Exercise Ischemic Conditioning on Muscle Soreness and Strength 24 hr Following Eccentric Drop Jumps. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 2023 (In Press). PMID: 37015005.
McGrath R, Tomkinson G, Kieser J, Kisner K, Hackney K. Subjective Hand Squeeze: A Practical Solution to Assessing Handgrip Strength Without Equipment? The Journal of Frailty & Aging. 2023;12(2):109-110. PMID: 36946706.
Bradley A, Klawitter L, Carver E, Johnson Z, McGrath R, Stastny S, Christensen B, Hackney K. Reliability of a Novel Automated Ultrasound Technology for Body Composition Assessment and Comparisons with Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry. International Journal of Exercise Science. 2023; 16(4):393-401. PMID: 37125216.
Linker J, Strand B, Deutsch J, Kang S, Slater K, Driscoll A, McGrath R. Single and Especially Multisport Participation May Increase Physical Fitness in Younger Americans. Sports. 2022;10(12): 202. PMID: 36548499.
Bradley A, Roehl A, McGrath R, Smith J, Hackney K. Popliteal Blood Flow with Hands-Free Crutches Compared to Conventional Lower-Extremity Injury Mobility Devices. Foot & Ankle Orthopedics. 2022; 7(4):24730114221142784. PMID: 36533090.
Bradley A, Roehl A, McGrath R, Smith J, Hackney K. Energy Expenditure and Substrate Utilization with Hands-Free Crutches Compared to Conventional Lower-Extremity Injury Mobility Devices. Foot & Ankle Orthopedics. 2022;7(4):24730114221139800. PMID: 36506649.
Klawitter L, Hackney K, Christensen B, Hamm J, Hanson M, McGrath R. Using Electronic Handgrip Dynamometry and Accelerometry to Examine Multiple Aspects of Handgrip Function in Master’s Endurance Athletes: A Pilot Study. Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 2022 (In Press).
Houfek A, Garden-Robinson J, Hilliard E, Rhee Y, Stastny S, Belury M, Cawthon P, McGrath R. Older American Women May Especially Benefit from Distributing and Consuming Protein for Decreasing Odds of Functional Limitations. The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging. 2022;26(11): 1025-1032. PMID: 36437771.
Lang J, Zhang K, Agostinis-Sobrinho C, Andersen L, Basterfield L, Berglind D, Blain D, Cadenas- Sanchez C, Cameron C, Carson V, Colley R, Csanyi T, Faigenbaum A, Garcia-Hermoso A, Gomes T, Gribbon A, Janssen I, Jurak G, Kaj M, Kidokoro T, Lane K, Liu Y, Lof M, Lubans D, Magnussen C, Manyanga T, McGrath R, Mota J, Olds T, Onywera V, Ortega F, Oyeyemi A, Prince S, Ramirez-Velez
R, Roberts K, Rubin L, Servais J, Silva D, Silva D, Smith J, Song Y, Stratton G, Timmons B, Tomkinson G, Tremblay M, Wong S, Fraser B. Top 10 International Priorities for Physical Fitness Research and Surveillance Among Children and Adolescents: A Twin-Panel Delphi Study. Sports Medicine. 2023;52(2):549-564. PMID: 36001291.
McGrath R, Robinson-Lane S, Klawitter L, Rhee Y, Hamm J, McCourt M, Parker K, Hackney K. Undiagnosed Dementia is Associated with Poor Physical Function in Older Adults. Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease. 2022;89(2):473-482. PMID: 35912741.
Klawitter L, Collins K, Ringhofer D, Christensen B, McGrath R. The Association Between Handgrip Strength Asymmetry Severity and Future Morbidity Accumulation: Research from the Health and Retirement Study. 2022. International Journal of Exercise Science. 2022;15(3):1133-1141. PMID: 35991351.
McGrath R, Lang J, Ortega F, Chaput J-P, Zhang K, Smith J, Vincent B, Piñero J, Garcia M, Tomkinson G. Handgrip Strength Asymmetry is Associated with Slow Gait Speed and Poorer Standing Balance in Older Americans. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics. 2022;102:104716. PMID: 35569287.
Stone K, Barry A, Kotarsky C, Dicks N, Stastny S, Byun W, Mitchell S, McGrath R, Hackney K. Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity and Leucine and Protein Intake Contributions to Muscle Health in Middle-Age. Journal of Frailty, Sarcopenia and Falls. 2022;7(3):123-132. PMID: 36119500.
McGrath B, Johnson P, McGrath R, Cawthon P, Klawitter L, Choi B-J. A Matched Cohort Analysis for Examining the Association Between Slow Gait Speed and Shortened Longevity in Older Americans. Journal of Applied Gerontology. 2022;41(8):1905-1913. PMID: 35506669.
Belury M, Clark B, McGrath R, Cawthon P. Linoleic Acid Intake and Physical Function: Pilot Results from the Health ABC Energy Expenditure Sub-Study. Advances in Geriatric Medicine and Research. 2022;4(1):e220001. PMID: 35368862.
McGrath R, Cawthon P, Clark B, Fielding R, Lang J, Tomkinson G. Recommendations for Reducing Heterogeneity in Handgrip Strength Protocols. The Journal of Frailty & Aging. 2022;11(2):143-150. PMID: 35441190.
Klawitter L, Vincent B, Choi B-J, Smith J, Hammer K, Jurivich D, Dahl L, McGrath R. Handgrip Strength Asymmetry and Weakness are Associated with Future Morbidity Accumulation in Americans. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 2022;36(1):106-112. PMID: 34941610.
Klawitter L, Bradley A, Hackney K, Tomkinson G, Christensen B, Kraemer W, McGrath R. The Associations Between Asymmetric Handgrip Strength and Chronic Disease Status in American Adults: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology. 2021;6(4):79. PMID: 34698229.
McGrath R. Should the 30-Second Chair Stand Test be Considered a Muscle Function Assessment? The Journal of Frailty & Aging. 2022;11(3): 337-338. PMID: 35799443.
Parker K, Vincent B, Rhee Y, Choi B-J, Robinson-Lane S, Hamm J, Klawitter L, Jurivich D, McGrath R. The Estimated Prevalence of No Reported Dementia-Related Diagnosis in Older Americans Living with Possible Dementia by Healthcare Utilization. Aging Clinical and Experimental Research. 2022;34(2):359-365. PMID: 34524654.
Johnson N, Bradley A, Klawitter L, Johnson J, Johnson L, Tomkinson G, Hackney K, Stastny S, Ehlers D, McGrath R. The Impact of a Telehealth Intervention on Activity Profiles in Older Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Pilot Study. Geriatrics. 2021;6(3):68. PMID: 34209416.
Johnson N, Stone K, Stastny S, McGrath R, Hackney K. Beef Consumption and Functional Performance in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Narrative Review. Journal of Food & Nutritional Sciences. 2021;3(1):18-31.
McGrath R, Tomkinson G, Clark B, Cawthon P, Cesari M, Al Snih S, Jurivich D, Hackney K. Assessing Additional Characteristics of Muscle Function with Digital Handgrip Dynamometry and Accelerometry: Framework for a Novel Handgrip Strength Protocol. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association. 2021;22(11):2313-2318. PMID: 34024819.
McGrath R, Blackwell T, Ensrud K, Vincent B, Cawthon P. The Associations of Handgrip Strength and Leg Extension Power Asymmetry on Incident Recurrent Falls and Fractures in Older Men. Journal of Gerontology: Medical Sciences. 2021;76(9):e221-e227. PMID: 33978154.
McGrath R, Robinson-Lane S, Clark B, Suhr J, Giordani B, Vincent B. Self-Reported Dementia- Related Diagnosis Underestimates the Prevalence of Older Americans Living with Possible Dementia. Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease. 2021;82(1):373-380. PMID: 34024819.
McGrath R. Maximal Handgrip Strength Alone Could be an Incomplete Measure of Muscle Function. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association. 2021;22(4):882-883. PMID: 33596410.
McGrath R, Carson P, Jurivich D. It is Important to Examine Physical Functioning and Inflammatory Responses During Post-Hospitalization COVID-19 Recovery. The Journal of Frailty & Aging. 2021;10(3):301-302. PMID: 34105717.
Klawitter L, McGrath R. Should we Pucker Up and Welcome a Potential New Assessment of Muscle Function? Journal of the American Medical Directors Association. 2021;22(4):881-882. PMID: 33548183.
Mahoney S, Hackney K, Jurivich D, Dahl L, Johnson C, McGrath R. Handgrip Strength Asymmetry is Associated with Limitations in Individual Basic Self-Care Tasks. Journal of Applied Gerontology. 2022;41(2):450-454. PMID: 33356740.
Klawitter L, Mahoney S, Dahl L, Hackney K, Herrmann S, Edwards B, McGrath R. The Role of Assessing Additional Aspects of Muscle Function with a Digital Handgrip Dynamometer on Cognitive Function in Older Adults: A Pilot Study. Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease Reports. 2020;4(1):495-499. PMID: 33532697.
McGrath R, Clark B, Cesari M, Johnson C, Jurivich D. Handgrip Strength Asymmetry is Associated with Future Falls in Older Americans. Aging Clinical and Experimental Research. 2021;33(9):2461- 2469. PMID: 33247424.
Parker K, Rhee Y, Tomkinson G, Vincent B, O’Connor M, McGrath R. Handgrip Weakness and Asymmetry Independently Predict the Development of New Activity Limitations: Results from Analyses of Longitudinal Data from the U.S. Health and Retirement Study. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association. 2021;22(4):821-826. PMID: 33290729.
Mahoney S, Klawitter L, Hackney K, Dahl L, Herrmann S, Edwards B, McGrath R. Examining Additional Aspects of Muscle Function with a Digital Handgrip Dynamometer and Accelerometer in Older Adults: A Pilot Study. Geriatrics. 2020;5(4):E86. PMID: 33142897.
McGrath R. Are we Maximizing the Utility of Handgrip Strength Assessments for Evaluating Muscle Function? Aging Clinical and Experimental Research. 2021;33(6):1721-1723. PMID: 32892298.
Mahoney S, Bradley A, Pitts L, Waletzko S, Robinson-Lane SG, Fairchild T, Terbizan DJ, McGrath R. Health Insurance is Associated with Decreased Odds for Undiagnosed Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes in American Adults. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020;17(13):4706. PMID: 32629937.
Collins K, Johnson, N, Klawitter L, Waldera R, Stastny S, Kraemer W, Christensen B, McGrath R. Handgrip Strength Asymmetry and Weakness are Differentially Associated with Functional Limitations in Older Americans. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020;17(9):3231. PMID: 32384713.
McGrath R, Cawthon P, Cesari M, Al Snih S, Clark B. Handgrip Strength Asymmetry and Weakness are Associated with Lower Cognitive Function: A Panel Study. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. 2020;68(9):2051-2058. PMID: 32473060.
McGrath R, Tomkinson G, LaRoche D, Vincent B, Bond C, Hackney K. Handgrip Strength Asymmetry and Weakness May Accelerate Time to Mortality in Aging Americans. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association. 2020;S1525-8610(20)30360-1. PMID: 32611522.
McGrath R, Vincent B, Jurivich D, Hackney K, Tomkinson G, Dahl L, Clark B. Handgrip Strength Asymmetry and Weakness Together are Associated with Functional Disability in Aging Americans. Journal of Gerontology: Medical Sciences. 2021;76(2):291-296. PMID: 32319511.
Vincent B, Johnson N, Tomkinson G, McGrath R, Clark B, Choi B-J. Sleeping Time is Associated with Functional Limitations in a National Sample of Older Americans. Aging Clinical and Experimental Research. 2021;33(1):175-182. PMID: 32170709.
Bailey R, Serra M, McGrath R. Obesity and Diabetes are Jointly Associated with Functional Disability in Stroke Survivors. Disability and Health Journal. 2020;13(3):100914. PMID: 32139319.
Hall O, Hall O, Kolodny A, Teater J, McGrath R. Assessment of Drug Overdose Mortality in Ohio, 2009-2018. JAMA Network Open. 2020;3(4):e202183. PMID: 32259262.
McGrath R, Johnson N, Klawitter L, Mahoney S, Trautman K, Carlson C, Rockstad E, Hackney K (2020). What are the Association Patterns Between Handgrip Strength and Adverse Health Conditions? A Topical Review. SAGE Open Medicine. 2020; :2050312120910358. PMID: 32166029.
Tomkinson G, Kidokoro T, Dufner T, Noi S, Fitzgerald J, McGrath R. Temporal Trends in Handgrip Strength for Older Japanese Adults Between 1998 and 2017. Age and Ageing. 2020;49(4):634-639. PMID: 32037458.
McGrath R, Hackney K, Ratamess N, Vincent B, Clark B, Kraemer W. Absolute and Body Mass Index Normalized Handgrip Strength Percentiles by Gender, Ethnicity, and Hand Dominance in Americans. Advances in Geriatric Medicine and Research. 2020;2(1). Pii:e200005. PMID: 31930203.
Shaughnessy K, Hackney K, Clark B, Kraemer W, Terbizan D, Bailey R, McGrath R. A Narrative Review of Handgrip Strength and Cognitive Functioning: Bringing a New Characteristic to Muscle Memory. Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease. 2020;73(4):1265-1278. PMID: 31929158.
McGrath R, Vincent B, Peterson M, Jurivich D, Dahl L, Hackney K, Clark B. Weakness May Have a Causal Association with Early Mortality in Older Americans: A Matched Cohort Analysis. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association. 2020;21(5):321-6e.2. PMID: 31786197.
McGrath R, Al Snih S, Markides K, Faul J, Vincent B, Hall O, Peterson M. The Burden of Health Conditions Across Race and Ethnicity for Aging Americans. Medicine. 2019;98(46):e17964. PMID: 31725658.
McGrath R, Stastny S, Casperson S, Jahns L, Roemmich J, Hackney K. Daily Protein Intake and Distribution of Daily Protein Consumed Decreases Odds for Functional Disability in Older Americans. Journal of Aging and Health. 2020;32(9):1075-1083. PMID: 31625427.
McGrath R, Vincent B, Hackney K, Al Snih S, Graham J, Thomas L, Ehlers D, Clark B. Weakness and Cognitive Impairment are Independently and Jointly Associated with Functional Decline in Aging Americans. Aging Clinical and Experimental Research. 2019;32(9):1723-1730. PMID: 31520335.
Silveira S, Ledoux T, Johnston C, Kalpakjian C, O’Connor D, Cottingham M, McGrath R, Tate D. Differences Among Participants’ Response to a Wellness Intervention for Individuals with Spinal Cord Injuries. Disability and Health Journal. 2020;13(1):100842. PMID: 31558388.
McGrath R, Vincent B, Hackney K, Robinson-Lane S, Downer B, Clark B. The Longitudinal Associations of Handgrip Strength and Cognitive Function in Aging Americans. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association. 2020;21(5):634-9.e1. PMID: 31706916.
McGrath R, Lee D-C, Kraemer W, Vincent B, Shaughnessy K, Terbizan D. Weakness is Associated with Time to Incident Chronic Heart Failure in Aging Americans. Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging. 2020;24(1):16-19. PMID: 31886803.
Hackney K, Trautman K, Johnson N, McGrath R, Stastny S. Protein and Muscle Health During Aging: Benefits and Concerns Related to Animal-Based Protein. Animal Frontiers. 2019;9(4):12-17. PMID: 32002269.
Hall O, Hall O, McGrath R, Haile Z. Years of Life Lost Due to Opioid Overdose in Ohio: Temporal and Geographic Patterns of Excess Mortality. Journal of Addiction Medicine. 2020;14(2):156-162. PMID: 31592905. 2020 Journal of Addiction Medicine Most Downloaded Article Published Award.
McGrath R, Robinson-Lane S, Cook S, Clark B, Herrmann S, Lunsman O’Connor M, Hackney K. Handgrip Strength is Associated with Poorer Cognitive Functioning in Aging Americans. Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease. 2019;70(4):1187-1196. PMID: 31322562.
Bailey R, Phad A, McGrath R, Ford A, Tabak R, Haire-Joshu D. Lifestyle Risk Behaviors Among Stroke Survivors With and Without Diabetes. American Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 2019;98(9):794-799. PMID: 31415289.
McGrath R, Al Snih S, Markides K, Hall O, Peterson M. The Burden of Health Conditions for Middle- Aged and Older Adults in the United States: Disability-Adjusted Life Years. BMC Geriatrics. 2019;19(1):100. PMID: 30961524.
McGrath R. Comparing Absolute Handgrip Strength and Handgrip Strength Normalized to Body Weight in Aging Adults. Aging Clinical and Experimental Research. 2019;31(12):1851-1853. PMID: 30806906.
Silveira S, Ledoux T, Johnston C, Kalpakjian C, O’Connor D, Cottingham R, McGrath R, Tate D. Well on Wheels Intervention: Satisfaction with Life and Health for Adults with Spinal Cord Injuries. Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine. 2020;43(1):60-68. PMID: 30557093.
Bailey R, Phad A, McGrath R, Haire-Joshu D. Prevalence of Five Lifestyle Risk Factors Among U.S. Adults With and Without Stroke. Disability and Health Journal. 2019;12(2):323-327. PMID: 30448248.
McGrath R, Erlandson K, Vincent B, Hackney K, Herrmann S, Clark B. Decreased Handgrip Strength is Associated with Impairments in Each Autonomous Living Task for Aging Adults in the United States. Journal of Frailty and Aging. 2019;8(3):141-145. PMID: 31237315.
McGrath R, Clark B, Erlandson K, Herrmann S, Vincent B, Hall O, Hackney K. Impairments in Individual Autonomous Living Tasks and Time to Self-Care Disability in Middle Aged and Older Adults. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association. 2019;20(6):730-735. PMID: 30503592.
Bailey R, Phad A, McGrath R, Tabak R, Haire-Joshu D. Prevalence of 3 Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors Among U.S. Adults With and Without History of Stroke. Preventing Chronic Disease. 2019;16:E23. PMID: 30789819.
McGrath R, Al Snih S, Markides K, Hackney K, Bailey R, Peterson M. The Burden of Functional Disabilities for Middle-Aged and Older Adults in the United States. The Journal of Nutrition Health and Aging. 2019;23(7):172-174. PMID: 30697627. PMID: 30697627.
Hall O, McGrath R, Peterson M, Chadd E, DeVivo M, Heinemann A, Kalpakjian C. The Burden of Spinal Cord Injury in the United States: Disability-Adjusted Life Years. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 2019;100(1):95-100. PMID: 30248314.
McGrath R, Hall O, Peterson M, Chadd E, DeVivo M, Heinemann A, Kalpakjian C. The Association Between the Etiology of a Spinal Cord Injury and Time to Mortality in the United States: A 44-Year Longitudinal Investigation. Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine. 2019;42(4):444-452. PMID: 30124389.
McGrath R. Understanding the Feasibility and Validity of Muscle Strength Measurements in Aging Adults. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association. 2019;20(1):99-100. PMID: 30415892.
McGrath R, Kraemer W, Al Snih S, Peterson M. Handgrip Strength and Health in Aging Adults. Sports Medicine. 2018;48(9):1993-2000. PMID: 29943230.
McGrath R, Vincent B, Lee I-M, Kraemer W, Peterson M. Handgrip Strength, Function, and Mortality in Older Adults: A Time-Varying Approach. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 2018;50(11): 2259-2266. PMID: 29933349.
Peterson M, Belakovskiy A, McGrath R, Yarrow J. Testosterone Deficiency, Weakness, and Multimorbidity in Men. Scientific Reports. 2018;9(1):5897. PMID: 29651127.
Paul D, McGrath R, Vella C, Kramer M, Baer D, Moshfegh A. Understanding the Nature of Measurement Error When Estimating Energy Expenditure and Physical Activity via Physical Activity Recall. Journal of Physical Activity and Health. 2018;15(7):543-549. PMID: 29580135.
McGrath R, Robinson-Lane S, Peterson M, Bailey R, Vincent B. Muscle Strength and Functional Limitations: Preserving Function in Older Mexican Americans. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association. 2018;19(5):391-398. PMID: 29371128.
•Featured Editorial of This Research: Landi F, Calvani R, Picca A, Marzetti E. Can Muscle Strength be Considered a Composite Biomarker of Sarcopenia? Journal of the American Medical Directors Association. 2018;19(5):373-374. PMID: 29559370.