Now we are approximately fifty miles from the center of the valley, and the soil has become much sandier. Kames, eskers, and kettles are abundant here forming a sort of ground moraine. Ice chunks were getting stranded out here causing them to be caught in the ground thereby forming pot-holes. Since the pot-holes were created by an object which consisted mainly of ice, after the ice melted all that was left was a hole. Often times today these holes will be filled with water.
As I said, the soil has more sand content, but not only that, large rock piles can be seen in the fields. The terminal flatness of the heart of the valley is gone. Also, the vegetation which grows wildly in the ditches is much coarser, or heartier looking than that which grows down in the valley.